Greenhouse Gases
Greenhouse gases (GHGs) like carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), nitrous oxide (N₂O), and fluorinated gases that trap heat in the atmosphere, contributing to global warming.
As greenhouse gases have different global warming potential, their impact is typically converted into a CO₂ equivalent to make comparisons meaningful
Global Warming Potential (GWP)
It is a measure of how much heat a greenhouse gas traps in the atmosphere over a specific period of time (commonly 100 years) compared to carbon dioxide. It allows different gases to be expressed in a common unit, CO2-equivalents.
GWP AR2 values are from the [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change] IPCC Assessment Report (AR2). This is consistent with India’s National Communications/ Biennial Update Reports to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Further, GWP AR5 and AR6 estimates are also available in order to have estimates with the latest GWP values based on the recent IPCC reports i.e the Fifth (AR5) and Sixth Assessment Report (AR6).
CO2e (Carbon Dioxide Equivalent)
A metric unit to express different GHGs in terms of the warming potential of CO₂.
ktCO2e
tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent
ktCO2e
kilo tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent
Energy (largest contributor globally)
Includes electricity generation, transport, direct fuel consumption (over and above electricity generation) in residential, industrial, agriculture, commercial and other sectors.
Agriculture
Emissions from livestock, rice cultivation, burning of croplands and
fertilizer use (mainly methane and nitrous oxide).
IPPU (Industrial Processes and Product Use)
GHG emissions from industrial activities specifically from processes and product use beyond electricity consumption and fuel combustion arising from chemical transformations and material use. For example, in cement production, the use of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) releases carbon dioxide (CO₂).
Waste
Emissions from solid waste disposal, domestic and industrial wastewater treatment (majorly methane and nitrous oxide)
Key Category Analysis
This identifies the categories that are most significant sources of GHG emissions in the given district, based on their contribution to total emissions
Emissions intensity to GDP
It is a metric used to measure the amount of GHG emissions produced per unit of economic output, expressed as tonnes CO2e per unit of GDP. It reflects how carbon-efficient an economy is and is often used to track progress on low-carbon growth
Assessment Methodology
The assessment for the district inventory is based on the IPCC methodology and guidelines (IPCC, 2006; IPCC, 2019) and is in line with Government of India’s national communication (NATCOM and Biennial update Reports (BURs) submitted to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
Launch Date: 31st October 2025
